Boiler and furnace installation



April 10, 1934.,

H. KREIS-INGER x-:r AL 1,954,298 BOILER AND FURNACE ISTALLATION Filed Dec. l?, 1923 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 #7v "'1""1=1 l;fH x a1gfifffjfifi:fimLLj *ql mmmmmmm mmmmmmf 76 mm'mmm-mmmmmmmmf ",mmmmmmmmmmmmm/ x f' .am @AE/55 Ummm m; V m mm mm [mijn D; f4 im Ummm@ Ummm 1:1," "gj Ummm] Ummm 1j mmmmmmmljmmmf Z/ j' H1 Q n D .Q mf l l |477 f5 L 75 mmm j /NI/ENTo/es j@ ymuamn A TTORNE Yj April 10Q 1934- H. KREISIGER Erm. 1,954,298

BOILER. AND FURNACE INSTALLATION Filed nec. 19. 192:5 s sheets-smet 5 /N VENoRs p M- M l er v* v April 10, l`934-- H. KREISINGER Er AL 1,954,298

I BOILER AND FYURNACE INSTALLATION Filed Deo. 19, 1925 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 i7 /Nl/ENYORS M am ATTORNEKS 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 [N VENTORS Cf; f//f/ ,/f/

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f1 TTORNE Y? H. KREISINGER EI'AL BOILER AND F-URNACE INSTALLATION Filed Dec. 19

April 10, 1934.

y Patented Apr. 1o, 19,34 1,954,298

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE f 1,954,298 BOILER AND ELURNACE INSTALLATION Henry Krcisingerpliermont, andQ John E. Bell, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignors to Combustion gngneering Corporation, a corporation of New or Y Application December 19, 1923, Serial No. 681,467

1s claim. (ci. 122-235) l The present invention relates to boiler and separates from the unvaporized water. The wafurnace installations, and especially installations tertubes 13 overlie an opening in the top or roof of water tubeV boilers heated by furnaces burning 17 of the combustion chamber 15, and the furfuel in suspension, such as pulverized or pow-f nace gases take a circuitous course through dered coal, oreven oil. The invention is parthem (as partly defined by the baffling 18) on ticularly concerned with cooling provisions for their way to the stack 19.

obviating slagging and other difficulties in such The combustion chamber 15 is a large, deep, installations, and with their circulatory .connecunobstructed chamber enclosed by walls that tions to the boiler. In general, the invention slope outward slightly, so that the chamber as l0 aims at effective cooling circulation in the water a whole expands upward. Powdered fuel with 65 screen or other cooling device employed; at corsomewhat more than carrying air (say 40% or relating and harmcnizing the circulation in the the total air actually required for proper comscreen or the like with that in the boiler to the bustion) is admitted through one or more downbest advantage; at securing an improved arward directed burners 20 (comprising an inner 15 rangement of connections providing flexibility to fuel pipe or nozzle with circumjacent air intakes) 70 take care of expansion and contraction and premounted in the roof 17 adjacent the front wall venting priming; and at deriving the utmost 21, and is continually ignited by the heat of the advantage from the heating of the water in the latter and of the furnace. The burning air and screen. How these and other objects and advan-l fuel stream descends in the front of the chamber O tages can be realized through the invention will 15 until its momentum is overcome by the draft, 75 appear from the description hereinafter of the and then bends upward and ascends in the rear best known embodiments. of the chambenwhence the products of combus- In the drawings, Fig. l shows avertical section tion make their exit to the superjacent boiler. l through an installation comprising a water tube Additional air for combustion is admitted, as

. 5 boiler of familiar type heated by a subjacent required, through damper controlled and regu- 80 furnace of the type commercially known as the Iated intakes 22 opening through the front wall` 110911100, the Section being taken as indicated 21 at various heights. The combustion chamber by the line 1-1 in Fig. 2. 15 is so deep as to permit substantially complete n Figi 2 is a front elevation of the furnace. combustion therein before the products of\ com- .",o Fig. 3 shows a vertical section at right angles bustion pass to they boiler. y 85 5 and 5--5 in Fig. 1.

3 miliar type, comprising a transverse steam and various inlets 22, so that the distribution ofthe 95 5 front and rear in reference to the regions takes 26 in the outer shell 24, by means of which 100 53 in the front headers 1l, moves rearward and up- The rear combustion chamberwall 2'1 is shown 105 -5 10,-where the steam generated disengages and 28 and. toward the walls of the chamber 15, in a 11| to Fig. 1, taken as indicated by the line 3-3 in The air admitted at thefront wall inlets may Fig. 1. preferably be preheated. For this purpose, the

Figs. 4 and 5 show horizontal sections through combustion chamber wall may be built hollow,

the furnace, taken as indicated by the lines 4-4 with a narrow space between the very highly rel Y fractory lining 23 and the outer shell 24, and 90 Figs. 6 and 'l are views similar to Figs. 1 and the air may be passed through this interspace on 3; showing additional cooling provisions and its way to the inlets 22,- thus also cooling the somewhat different circulatory connections. walls somewhat. The intramural space is di- The boiler shown in the drawings is of a favided into horizontal ducts 25 at the levels of water drum 10 connected to upright front and air over the lining 23 can be controlled and rear headers 11 and 12 themselves interconnected regulated by controlling the ow of air through by banks of fore and aftj water tubes 13 inthe ducts. Opposite the intakes 22 in the lining clined upward toward the man-speaking of 23 are 4damper-controlled and regulated air inwhere the furnace is red and whence the prodoutside air can be admitted directly through the ucts cf combustion make exit from its main comopenings 22, either in lieu of the heated air, or buetion chamber or space 15, respectively. Genin admixture with it,,to regulate its temperaeraly speaking, the water in the boiler descends ture and-assure adequate cooling in the zone 25.

ward through the tubes 13, ascends in the rear solid, with a correspondingly thicker inner lining hei-ders 12, and returns forward to the drum 10 23 of very highly refractory material.

through the substantially horizontal watertubes The relatively heavy incombustible residue 16 connecting the rear headers 12 to the drumV from the fuel falls or precipitates toward the floor particles falling directly to the oor encounter andpass through a cooling zone in the lower region 30, and are thus cooled below, fusion or slagging temperature. Hence they do not run together or aggregate into a solid mass on the chamber oor 28,-that could only be removed with difculty, but simply collect as dust that can be easily sucked out or otherwise removed. Such cooling zone 30 may be maintained either by an excess of air admitted through some of the lower openings 22, or by a water/ screen consisting of a bank of watertubes 31 (sloping upward toward the rear) at a suitable height above the floor 28,-or by both. 'I'he screen 31 also absorbs radiant heat from the refuse deposit on the oor 28, and prevents` refusion thereof by such heat from the region of combustion above the screen. The particles passing from the flames yand their various circulatory to the rear chamber wall 27 come under the cooling influence of watertubes 32 ranged upright substantially thereagainst at suitable intervals. Such particles either bounce ofr` and so fall to the floor 28, or, if they adhere, do not form a hard coating with fused runny inner surface, but a loose, friable mossy or whiskery deposit, very easily removed. Hence there are no runny masses of hard slag clinging tenaciously to the wall just above the cooling zone 30; and, a fortiori, no superficial fusion and wastage or erosion of the refractory wall itself. i

As here shown, the screen tubes 31 are connected between the front and rearwaterspaces of the boiler, in parallel with the main boiler Ytubes 13, and the rear wall tubes 32 are similarly connected. At the front, Ithe ends of the screentubes 31 are secured'in one or more headers 33 which are connected tothe front drum 10 by downtake pipes 3,4; at the rear, the tubes 31 are secured in one or more headers 35 into which are also secured the lower ends of the upright wall tubes 32, 'and the latter are bent outward through the wall 27 at their upper ends and secured in one or more headers 36 that are connected by uptake pipes 37 and double-faced headers 38 and tubes 16 to the steam space of the boiler. Thus the screen'tubes 31 and the wall tubes 32 are connected in series? the former form part oi' the downtake connections for the latter, and the latterv part of the uptake connections for the frmer. The circulatory connections formed by the downtake and uptake pipes 34 and 37 are in duplicate at opposite sides of the furnace.

The connection of the upcomer pipes 37 into. the boxes 38 in turn connected into a group of tubes is very advantageous in that the connection-is not only flexible-thus taking care of expansion and contractionbut also priming is prevented because the mixture of water and steam coming up from the screen is distributed and delivered into the drum in a horizontal direction.

As shown, in 2, there are a number of the powdered fuel burners 20, divided between the right and left sides or halves of the combustion vchamber 15, and, of course, individually operable and regulable in the shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5,

usual manner. As the tubes 31 and 32 connections described above are similarly divided. Specifically, there are separate. headers 33, 35, 36, and 38 for the tubes 31 and 32 at opposite .sides of the furnace; and the circulation pipes 34 and 37 are connected to the outer ends of the corresponding headers. At the front (Fig. 2), the outer ends ycirculation through the tubes 31 1,954,298 finely divided and molten condition. 'I'he refuse f of the headers 33 are supported by the pipes 34, while their inner ends rest on roller supports 39 mounted on the front wall 21. fore, is it impossible for stoppage in the connections for either half of the tubes 31 and 32 to affect the rest; fbut it is possible to shut down the burners 2O at one side of the furnace completely and still have substantially as powerful circulation through the tubes 31 and 32 for the active half as if the idlehalf were being operated at the same rate as the active one.

While considerable variation is admissable or required under the varying conditions of different installations, in that illustrated 3" to 4 tubes spaced about 14" on centers represents fair practice for the tubes 31 and 32.

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate an installationV in which there are not only screen tubes 31 and rear wall tubes 32, but also tubes 42 ranged upright substantially against the side walls of the combustion chamber 15, to obviate any hard coating or other slag formation diflicult to remove on the sidesof the chamber,which might otherwise occur to someI extent if'the furnace were forced, These side wall tubes 42 may have the same size and spacing as the tubes 31 and 32. They are connected between the front and rear waterspaces of Jthe boiler, in parallel with the main boiler tubes 13 and with the serially connected tubes 31 and 32. Q

In the installation of Figs. 6 and 7, the circulatory connections for the tubes 31 and 32 are modified somewhat as compared with Figs. 1 5: the downtake pipes 34 to the headers 33 are connected io the lower ends of the front boiler headers 1\1, and the uptake pipes 37 from the headers 36 to boxes 37 connected to the lower ends of the rear boiler headers 12,^so that the and 32 acts to reinforce that through the lowerrnost tubes 13. 'I'he lower and upper ends of the 'side tubes 42 curve out through the side walls of the furnace, and their connections resemble those of the tubes 31 and 32 in Figs. 1-5. That is to say, the lower and upper ends of these tubes 42 are secured, respectively, to lower` headers 43 themselves connected to the. front boiler drum 10 by downtake pipes 44, and.s to upper headers 46 which are connected to the rear portions of the return tubes 16a by uptake pipes 47 and double-faced headers 48. As shown in Fig. 6, the lower and upper side headers 43 and 46 slope upward toward the rear like the tubes 31, to improve the flow through them. The downtake and uptake pipes 4 4 and 47 are connected to the front ends of the headers 43 and 46. The side tubes 42 and their circulatory connections are divided and independent as between the two sides of the combustion chamber 15, much as in the case of the tubes 31 and 32. i

In Figs. 6 and 7, various parts'and features have been' marked-with the same reference characters as in Figs. 1-5, as a means of dispensing with merely repetitive description.

1. The combination of a pulverized fuel furnace with a superjacent watertube boiler; spaced Watertubes ranged upright against the furnace combusion chamber wall with their upper ends bent loutward therethrough; a' down flow connection from the steam and water drum of the boiler to the lower ends of said tubes, a header connected to the upper ends of said upiiow connection from said header to said steam Not only, therel lower and rear upper tubes, and an tubes extending `across the furnace, connections between the lower ends of the slag-screen tubes and the boiler, a horizontal header connected to the higher ends of the slagscreen tubes, a plurality of tubes connected to said horizontal header and extending upwardly, a pair of inclined upper headers each connecting the upper ends of a group of said upwardly extending tubes, and connections between the higher ends of said upper headers and the boiler drum independent of the connections between the water tubes and their connections to the drum.

3. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, said drum extending across the boiler tubes, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, horizontally inclinedslag-screen tubes extending across the furnace, connections belween the lower ends of the slag-screen tubes and the boiler, a horizontal header connected to the higher ends of the slag-screen tubes, a plurality of tubes connected to said horizontal header andextending upwardly, a pair of inclined upper headers each connecting the upper ends ofy a group off` said upwardly extending tubes, and connections between the higher vendsfof each of said upper headers and one end of the boiler drum independent of the connections between the water tubes and their connections to the drum.

4. A boiler having a steam and water drum and wa' er tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, horizontally inclined slag-screen tubes extending across the furnace, connections between the lower ends of the slag-screen tubes and the boiler, a horizontal header connected to the higher ends of the slag-screen tubes, a plurality of tubes connected to said horizontal header and extending upwardly, and connections between the upper ends of said upwardly extending tubes` and the boiler drum independent of the water tubes and their `connections to the drum, said v last-named connections including a vertical riser pipe of relatively large area and a plurality of smaller horizontal -pipes connecting the upper end of saidv vertical riser pipe. and the drum.

5. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drinn and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, horizontally inclined slag-screen across the furnace, connections between'the lower ends ci the slag-screen tubes and the boiler, a horizontal header Aconnected to the higher ends of the slag-screen tubes, a plurality of ,tubes connected to said horizontalV header and extending upwardly, a pair of inclined 'upper headers, each y group of said upwardly extending tubes, and connectionsbetween the higher ends of each oi said upper headers and the boiler drum independent oi' the connections 'between the water connecting the upper ends oi a tube and their connections to the drum, said lastnamed connections including a vertical riser pipe of relatively large area and a plurality of smaller horizontal pipes connecting the upper end of said vertical riser pipe and the drum.

6. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate be-` tween the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, afurnace to supply heated gases' to the boiler tubes horizontally inclined slag-screen tubes extending across the furnace, connections between the lower ends of the slag-screen tubes and the boiler, a horizontal header connected to the higher ends of the slag-screen tubes, a plu-- rality of tubes connected to said horizontal header and extending upwardly along the inner face of a furnace wall with their upper ends extending through the furnace wall to the exterior thereof, a header connecting 'the upper ends of said tubes outside the furnace wall, said header being inclined, and connections between the high end of said header and the boiler drum independent of the boiler water tubes and their connections to the drum.

7. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes, connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler waterto circulate between the drum andthe tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace'to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, horizontally inclined slag-screen tubes extending across the furnace, connections between the lower, ends of the slag-screen tubes and the boiler, a

horizontal header connected to the higher ends of the slag-screen tubes, a plurality of tubes conof a group of said tubes outside the furnace wall i and connections between the higher ends of the headers and the boiler drum independent of the boiler water tubes and their connections to the drum.

8. A boiler having a steam and water drum and water tubes connected to said drum and arranged to cause the boiler water to circulate between the drum and the tubes when the tubes are heated, a furnace to supply heated gases to the boiler tubes, tubes extending upwardly along the inside of at least one of the furnace walls having their upperA ends bent outwardly and extending through the wall, a pair of inclined headers each connectingv the upper ends of a group off-said tubes and connections between clined header and the boiler drum independent of the boiler water tubes andvtheir connections to the boiler drum.

9. The combination with a boiler furnace having an outlet, of means for introducing fuel to be burned in space therein, a boiler subject to the outlet now, a water screen in the lower part of the furnace for cooling descending refuse particles precipitating'therethrough comprising a L' the higher end of each inlili vio

' ends of said tubes, a header connected to the tubes of the water screen to waterspace of the boiler, the said upcomer and downcomer connections connecting the water screen andupright rows of tubes with the boiler in parallel throughout with the tubes of the boiler.

10. The combination with a furnace and tubular boiler having a steam and water drum, oi means for introducing fuel to be burned in space in the furnace, a water screen comprising a row of exposed spaced water tubes extending across the lower portion of said furnace, a downcomer connection from said drum to one end of said row of tubes, and upcomer connections from the other end of said row of tubes to the drum, said connections connecting the water screen with the boiler in parallel throughout with the tubes of the boiler.

il. The combination of a furnace with a superjacent water tube boiler; spaced water tubes ranged upright against a furnace combustion chamber wall; a downlow connection from the steam and water drum. of the boiler to the lower ends of said tubes; a header connected to the upper ends of said tubes and located outside the furnace; andan upfiow connection from said header to said steam and water drumof the boiler, said connections connecting said upright tubes with the boiler inparallel throughout with the 'tubes of the boiler.

l2. ln combinationl with a steam boiler having a steam and water drum, spaced Vertical headers, and inclined water tubes connecting the headers, a furnace chamber beneath said boiler, spaced water tubes ranged upright against a furnace chamber wall, downcomer means 'from the steam and water drum of the boiler to the lower upper ends of said tubes and disposed at a materially lower level than the water level in said steam and water drum, and upcomer means from said header to said steam and water drum of the boiler, said downcomer and upcomer means connecting said upright tubes with the boiler in parallel throughout with the tubes of the boiler.

13. In combination, a furnace having a combustion chamber with one of the walls thereof comprising a system of vertically extending water tubes, a boiler comprising water tubes over which the gases from said chamber pass after leaving the chamber, a steam andawater separator connected to said boiler tubes, an. upper chamber connected to the upper part of said furnace wall tube system and disposed at a materially lower level than the water level in said separator, a riser connection extending upwardly from said upper chamber directly to said separator and forming the sole upow connection from the upper chamber to the separator, a second chamber connected to the lower part of said furnace wall tube system, and a downcomer water connection leadingdirectly from the water space of said separator to said second chamber and forming the sole downilow connection from the separator thereto, said boiler and said system being free of circulating interconnections except through said separator.

id. 1n combination, a boiler comprising a bank oi boiler tubes, a steam and water drum, and circulating connections between said bank oi boiler tubes and said drum, a combustion chamber located below said boiler having a system of upright water wall tubes, an upper chamber connected to the upper part of said wall tube system and disposed at a materially lower level than the water level in said steam and water drinn,

upcomer means connecting said upper chamber directly to said drum, a second' chamber connected to the lower part/of said wall tube system, and downcomer means leading directly from the water space of said drum to said chamber, whereby said boiler and said system are connected to the steam and water drum in parallel.

15. In combination, a boiler comprising a bank of boiler tubes, a steam and water drum, and circulatingonnections between said bank of boiler tubes and said drum, a combustion chamber located below said boiler having a plurality of systems ofupright water wall tubes with upper and lower chambers into which the upper and lower ends respectively of the wall tubes connect, said upper chambers being disposed at a materially lowerjevel than the water level in the said steam and water drum, upcomer means connecting the upper chambers of said systems directly to said drum, and downcomer means leading directly from the water space of said drum to the lower chambers ci said systems, whereby said boiler and said systems are connected tc the steam and water drum in parallel.

id. A steam generating installation, comprising a steam and water drum, a circuit comprising a bank oi boiler tubes and circulating connections therebetween and the drum, a combustion chamber located below said bank of boiler tubes, and another circuit comprising a set oi upright steam generating tubes exposed to the radiant heat in the combustion chamber, lower and upper chambers into which the lower and upper ends respectively of said upright tubes are connected, said upper chamber being disposed at a materially lower level than the water level of said steam and water drum, and circulating connections between said chambers and said drum; whereby said circuits are connected to the steam and water drum in parallel.

17. A steam generating installation, comprising a boiler having a steam and water drum, a bank of boiler tubes, and circulating connections between the boiler tubes and the drum, a combustion chamber located below said bank of boiler tubes, rneans for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber, to be burned in space therein, a plurality of sets o upright steam generating tubes exposed to the radiant heat of the fuel being burned in the combustion chamber, the tubes of. each set being connected at their lower ends into a lower chamber, and at their upper ends into an upper chamber, said upper chambers being disposed at a materially lower level than the water level of said -steam and water drum, and circulating connections between said upper and lower chambers and said drum; whereby said boiler and said sets of upright steam generating tubes areconnected to the steam and water drum in parallel.

i8. A steam generating installation, comprising a steam and water drum, a circuit comprising a bank ci boiler tubes and circulating connections therebetween and the drum, a combustion chamber located below tubes, and another circuit comprising spaced steam evaporating tubes at a wall of the furnace, the upper part of said second mentioned circuit being disposed at a materially lower level than the Water level of said steam and 'water drum, and circulating connections between said steam evaporating tubes and said drum; whereby said circuits are connected to the steam and water in parallel. 4HENRY KREISINGER.

- UOM E. BELL.

said bank of boiler :l

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